Researchers have described the extreme vulnerability of older hostages held by Hamas, calling it one of the most severe examples of elder abuse. Among the 1,200 people murdered in the Hamas massacre, 13% were 65 years and older, with a third of those being octogenarians. Two Israeli physicians have published their findings on the case histories of three octogenarian hostages in the Rambam Maimonides Journal of Medicine. The hostages, who suffer from chronic diseases, lack access to necessary medications and medical attention. Calls for their release have been limited, with little advocacy for their medical needs.