NR Narayana Murthy emphasizes the need for India to reclaim its historical prominence in scientific innovation, stating that Indian youth were held back in critical and analytical thinking, invention, and innovation from 1000 to 1947. He draws parallels with Israel's technological achievements and highlights the slow progress of India during the period of invasions and British colonization. Murthy believes that good governance, academic freedom, meritocracy, and sufficient government funding are essential for restoring India's former glory. He also mentions the importance of creating aspirational role models in research to inspire young researchers to aim high in their fields.