An extensive Jewish quarter from the ancient Greek city of Phanagoria has been discovered in Russia's Taman peninsula near the Black Sea. The quarter was found in the vicinity of the world's oldest synagogue, which was discovered in 2023. The remains of the synagogue include menorahs, altars, and other artifacts. Archaeologists also found wineries, residential houses, and a clay pithoi used for irrigation, revealing that the synagogue was part of a larger complex. The Jewish community in Phanagoria was one of the largest in the Mediterranean region, as evidenced by tombstones bearing Jewish symbols.